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Principality of the Pindus
The name Principality of the Pindus, ; (ギリシア語:Πριγκιπάτο της Πίνδου); (イタリア語:Principato del Pindo) is used in literature to describe the attempt to create an autonomous canton under the protection of Italy at the end of World War I, in July and August 1917, from Vlach-speaking population of Samarina and other villages of the Pindus mountains of Northern Greece during the short period of occupation by Italy of the district of Gjirokastra and regions of Epirus. The attempt was not successful and no such Principality was ever formed.〔 The declaration was made after the arrival of Italian troops in Samarina. In the immediate withdrawal of Italian, Greek troops appeared without meeting any resistance〔 and since there was no mention of any similar activity until 1941-2 when the territory of Greece were occupied by Italy, Germany and Bulgaria under the World War II. At that time, Alcibiades Diamandi, a Vlach from Samarina who also took part in the events of 1917, was active with an organization called in later literature as "Vlach "Roman Legion"" (at the time called "Legion" or "Roman Legion"). As part of the activity of the Legion in the areas of mainly Thessaly, but also Epirus, and West Macedonia, it was mentioned as an intention of Diamandi to create a semi-independent entity by the name "Principality of the Pindus" or "Independent State of Pindos" or "Canton". The "Legion" was never able to assert itself neither over the Vlachs whom it supposedly represented, neither over the local population until its ''de facto'' disbandment in 1943 due to the activity of the Greek Resistance and the Italian capitulation, leaving them without real support from the German command.〔(The capitulation of Italy ) from ''Rizospastis'' newspaper, 7 September 2003〕 In other sources, no name is assigned to the events of 1917 in Pindus.〔(The ethnicity of Aromanians after 1990: the Identity of a Minority that Behaves like a Majority ), Thede Kahl, Ethnologia Balkanica, Vol. 6 (2002), σελ. 148〕〔(The Politics of Nation-Building: Making Co-Nationals, Refugees, and Minorities ), Harris Mylonas, Cambridge University Press, 2013, σελ. 134〕
==The name "Principality of the Pindus"==
The name "Principality of the Pindus" was given retrospectively and is used in bibliography literature mainly about the events of 1917 in Samarina but also for the activity of Diamanti 25 years later, the so-called "Legion of the Vlachs" in 1942-1943, while in sources closer the events it is not used neither in 1917 nor in 1942 to 1943. Indicatively, 12 year after the events in 1929, Nicolae Zdrulla wrote in the journal Revista Aromânească, (Volume 1, No. 2) issued in Bucharest an article entitled "Mişcarea aromânilor din Pind în 1917" "The movement of Aromanians Pindos in 1917"〔Nicolae Zdrulla, Mişcarea aromânilor din Pind în 1917 (The movement of Aromanians on Pindus in 1917), Revista Aromânească, vol 1, nr.2, Bucureşti, 1929, pp. 162-168〕 and respectively, an archival study published in 2007 with documents of the same time period (telegrams of the Vlachs to head of states of that time and correspondence of the Italian and Romanian Consulates) entitled: "The events of July–August 1917 in the region Pindos. The effort to create an independent state of Aromanians"〔(Evenimentele din lunile iulie-august 1917 în regiunea Munţilor Pind – încercare de creare a uneistatalităţi a aromânilor. documente inedite şi mărturii. studiu istoriografic şi arhivistic ), Stoica Lascu, Revista Romana de Studii Eurasiatice, Anul III, Nr. 1-2/2007〕 mentions the word "Principality" only in the introduction, while there is no reference to it to the documents of the time recorded in this archival study.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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